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Substances: Insulin-like Growth Factor - 1 (IGF-1)

IGF-1 is a naturally occurring growth factor/hormone that stimulates many processes in the body, including protein synthesis. It is the hormone through which growth hormone exerts most of its growth promoting effects.

IGF-1 receives its name because its amino acid structure is similar to that of insulin, it can bind to insulin receptors on the surfaces of cells and in very high quantities can produce the same effects as insulin. However most of its effects are mediated through its own receptors.

In its naturally occurring form, IGF-1 binds to specific carrier proteins that transport it in the bloodstream and regulate its biological actions.

IGF-1 is legitimately produced for research purposes and is used by pharmaceutical companies to stimulate cell growth in cell cultures.

Some overseas pharmaceutical companies have also been trialing the use of IGF-1for human therapeutic purposes; however clinical trials have largely been discontinued because of significant side effects, although some trials are still continuing.

It has been reported that some athletes use IGF-1 in an attempt to increase muscle bulk, reduce muscle cell breakdown and reduce body fat.

There is no evidence to support the belief that IGF-1 produces performance-enhancing effects in athletes. Even if it did, it would require very large doses to achieve any potential gain. Such doses would carry the risk of significant adverse effects, including hypoglycemia.

IGF-1 is also very expensive and is produced in strictly limited quantities.

Side effects

Due to its insulin-like properties, IGF-1 can have potentially fatal health effects including: swelling of the brain, diabetic (hypoglycemic) coma, enlargement of the heart, and facial nerve paralysis.

Status in Sport

IGF-1 is a prohibited both in and out of competition under the World Anti-Doping Code 2007 Prohibited List (effective from 01/01/07).

 

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